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Dams and Sustainable Development

The main dam of China in 1994, the number of already seventh in the world (see Table 2). With the Ertan Hydropower Station, the Three Gorges Dam, China's dam industry leader in the world will be. Table 2 has a number of large dams and the main dam before the l0-bit countries (defined according to the International Commission on Large Dams) Large Dams (1986 data) the main dam, How many dams, there is not a unified understanding. As a result of the World Anti-Dam Movement, China's dam project has also been part of the question, we should, like the United States and other developed countries, to stop or slow down the speed of the dam, or continue our own way, it is worth considering. In my opinion, blindly anti-dam advocates and the world integration is not desirable, regardless of environmental problems is bent on the scientific development concept does not meet. the ideal model is based on the actual country situation, democratic decision-making, scientific planning and rational dam, for win-win economic and ecological environment. First of all, as some experts pointed out that the international community's anti-dam movement is the background. In other countries, many countries use more water resources full, higher levels of economic development, people's preference for enhancing the ecological environment, therefore, produced some opposition dam, dam removal organizations and institutions. In China, since the since the founding of the hydropower construction has been relatively backward, far from water resources not sufficiently developed, water is also far behind in the oil, thermal power and other energy development, therefore, unrealistic to stop the dam. Second, from the stage of economic development point of view, our country is in the industrialization phase of rapid urbanization,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], economic growing demand for energy development. and from China's energy structure, mainly coal-based, while the proportion of water is less than 1O9, 6, compared with developed countries there is a considerable gap, and China compared to the potential water resources, but also a wide gap. particularly in the increasing dependence on foreign oil and other energy situation, China's energy impact of the international market is increasing, the potential risk is also increased. Therefore, the increase the development of large hydropower in China's development interests. Third, the scientific concept of development people-oriented, only the first meet people's right to exist, can we talk about development. advocates do not consider the ecological science is not the cost of the dam,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the dam will inevitably bring about ecological and environmental problems and immigration and other issues,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], but should also see a lot of benefits brought by water. Some experts pointed out that China's current context,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the wise choice is the dam to the scientific outlook on development as guidance, to the dam site selection, technology application, operation mode and other aspects of the dam scientific decision-making, the ecological environment in an important position, and truly reflects the people. should be beneficial to our economy development and construction, but also protect the environment. At present there are many problems in the dam, such as immigration issues, the interests of competition issues, not the result of the dam itself, but because we are in the construction process,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the distribution of benefits in the generated. 5 Conclusion I believe that the debate on dams reflects people's awareness of the ecological environment, but also prompted us to bring an objective scientific analysis of costs and benefits of the dam, we can not blindly stress its benefits can not be completely negative. Overall, the international, especially the developed countries, because of its high degree of economic development, water resources more fully, the preferences of the ecological environment is greater and therefore more significant voice against some of the dam. In China, as a large developing country, while facing economic development, energy shortages and other practical problems, utilization of hydropower resources on the other hand is still very low, therefore, continue to hydropower development is the inevitable choice, the key is how to properly handle the process of building the dam caused problems.