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Barack Obama's foreign policy
Obama Foreign Policy
The quiet American
silent Americans
Nov 26th 2009
From The Economist print edition
Is Barack Obama's diplomacy subtle and strategic, or weak and naive? The world is about to find out
Obama's diplomatic approach in the end is sharp and emphasis on strategy, or weak and unrealistic? The answer will tell the world
AT LAST Barack Obama seems to be starting to make up his mind. After months of agonising, he is apparently close to
announcing that he will after all send a decent number of American reinforcements to Afghanistan (see article). Meanwhile, having barely mentioned climate change since his inauguration, he has now told the world that he is going to the international summit in Copenhagen-and with a provisional promise that the world's greatest polluter will cut emissions.
Finally, Obama seems determined to start out. After a month of sufferings, it is clear that he will soon announce more troops to Afghanistan, the number of proper conduct. Meanwhile, Obama has rarely mentioned since the inaugural issue of climate change, but he has announced will go to Copenhagen to attend the World Summit; with its last session and a temporary commitment: the world's biggest polluter the United States will be reduced row.
Bold stuff. But both Afghanistan and Copenhagen can also be cited as evidence of a weakness that runs through his foreign policy. It looks to many as if he has dithered, not deliberated. On Afghanistan, far from being clever, his faint -hearted attempt to talk round Congress, manage his squabbling officials and twist the arm of Hamid Karzai, the vote-rigging Afghan president, has arguably accomplished little except hand the initiative to the enemy: his generals have an uphill struggle. On climate change, the rush to Copenhagen, with no bill in sight in Congress, has an air of desperation.
which can be described as a bold move. However, the situation in Afghanistan and Copenhagen will be cited as evidence, permit Obama's foreign policy weakness runs through from beginning to end. Obama gives the impression that the more indecisive, not caution. Obama in Afghanistan are not very wise to many actions: including cowardly to persuade Congress, the management officials continue to quarrel, forced to rely on vote fraud Karzai this stage of the Afghan President. In addition to these efforts proved to provide inspiration to the enemy outside the little harvest: the generals under the command of the president has a daunting task. The issue of climate change, Congress has not proposed plans, Obama will go to Copenhagen at the moment participants seem too urgent.
This goes to the heart of the debate about Mr Obama's diplomacy. Which will he be, clever or weak? Does this president have a strategy, backed if necessary by force, to reorder the world? Or is he merely a presidential version of Alden Pyle, Graham Greene's idealistic, clever Quiet American who wants to change the world, but underestimates how bad the world is-and ends up causing harm?
the diplomatic controversy with Obama's core issues related. Between the wise and the cowards who will choose? The strategy of the president whether adults by force when necessary, reconstruction of the world order? Or President Obama only version of Alden - Pyle - Graham - Green idealists described by a want to change the world, Americans, intelligent and silent; the final result of underestimating the ferocity of the world caused by injury?
Short-sighters v long-gamers
short-sighted and vision
The doubters argue that, however decent and articulate, Mr Obama is gaining a reputation as someone who can be pushed around. This month, after the president pandered to China by refusing to meet the Dalai Lama, China pushed for more by banning questions at his Beijing press conference with Hu Jintao, its president. When Mr Obama demanded that Israel stop all work on its settlements in the occupied territories, Binyamin Netanyahu, its prime minister, defied him and still, staggeringly, won praise from Hillary Clinton.
skeptics who believe that no matter how Obama decent performance, how eloquent; the impression that he is winning is the mercy of others. He refused to cater to China this month's meeting with the Dalai Lama request further pressure on the Chinese side: *** President Obama and a press conference in Beijing canceled a reporter's question on the link. When Obama ordered Israel to stop building settlements in the occupied territories, when the country was a flagrant defiance of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu; but the move was unexpected by Hillary. Clinton's praise.
Each time, the doubters say, Mr Obama's delicate overtures are met with ambiguity or contempt. Since he engaged Iran, it has continued to temporise and dissimulate over its nuclear programme. When Mr Obama abandoned a missile-defence system in Europe, he appeared to extract a pledge from Russia's president, Dmitry Medvedev, that his country would support sanctions if Iran is recalcitrant-only for Vladimir Putin, the prime minister [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], repeatedly to say he sees no need. Although America has pledged $ 7.5 billion in aid to Pakistan over five years, the army seems reluctant to take on the Taliban who drift from northern Pakistan into Afghanistan-indeed, the conditions riding on the grant were spun by the Pakistani security services into an American Mr Karzai eventually buckled in Kabul, but his readiness to thumb his nose at the world superpower was humiliating.
doubters who said: every time Obama's proposal encountered moderate distortion and contempt. Since he began to guide Iran return to negotiations [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the country's nuclear program has been the attitude adopted to cope with and hide; when Obama to give up missile defense system in Europe, he received Russian President Dmitry Weiye Fu's undertaking that Russia If Iran is still difficult to tame his country will support sanctions against the country, it touches on Prime Minister Vladimir Putin reiterated the need not to do so. Although the United States has promised to Pakistan the next 5 years, 7.5 billion of aid, but the Pakistani military seems to still reluctant to enter Afghanistan through its northern border, the Taliban to take measures, together with the conditions attached to the grant of the security forces of Pakistan action has actually become an American-style Karzai's inauguration in Kabul did, but he said ready to face the world against the feeling of power is indeed a disgrace.
The . This week Israel announced a partial settlement freeze. With health-care reform under his belt, he will soon be able to turn to world affairs with his status enhanced. Besides, you could hardly accuse Mr Obama of timidity. In three speeches in Prague , Cairo and Accra, he set out a new foreign policy that rejects the Manichean view of his predecessor. He means to negotiate deep cuts in nuclear weapons, make peace between Arabs and Jews, engage Iran, heal the climate and establish America as the strongest and most upright pole of a multipolar world. Yes, this work lies ahead, but how much can you ask in a year of war and recession?
Obama has successfully completed a number of urgent political tasks, including begun withdrawing troops from Iraq and the rebuilding of the Russian-US diplomatic relations between the dysfunction; his pitch for the 20-nation summit as a new global forum; this week, Israel declared a partial freeze settlement plan. As health care reform has achieved some experience, he will soon be able to improve the status of and commitment to international affairs. In addition, Obama should not be blamed for cowardice. In Portugal, the Cairo and a speech in Arak, he abandoned the former Manichaean view of the world and announced a new foreign policy. He intended to take in-depth method of reducing nuclear negotiations, in creating peace between Arabs and Jews, to negotiate with Iran to save the climate, and set in a multi-polar world and most of America's most powerful firm position. Indeed, in the face of such work, but in the full year of war and depression how much people can expect?
It is a fair point, but as the months drag on, the . Even allowing for Israel's shift this week, the president has hardly lived up to his promise to work for Middle East peace back his oratory with a stick-and that was a tariff on Chinese tyres, a weak sop to America's unions.
this is a relatively fair point, but along with time in months of delay, that opinions would gain the upper hand. In taking over this dangerous, difficult, and occasionally still abuse the world, Obama has not shown due endurance. Even taking into account changes in Israel this week, he has been difficult to achieve peace in the Middle East in his But there are also a big exception, he has not demonstrated support for their operation of the joystick speech - this is the additional tariffs on Chinese tires, which the U.S. is just a handful of comfort union.
Calm and conciliatory pragmatism is welcome after George Bush's impetuous moral certitude, but it also carries risks. Critics on the American right are wrong to carp at Mr Obama's bowing to kings and emperors. Simple courtesy will help restore America's image, not diminish it. The trouble is that the president often seems kinder to America's rivals than to its friends. His guest this week [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Manmohan Singh, India's prime minister, may well have moaned about Mr Obama's kid-glove handling of China. Allies in eastern Europe, their soldiers dying in Afghanistan, resent being called mere hope that pragmatism repaired popular, but there are also risks. Critics with the United States the right to find fault with Obama Ma Xiangguo the position of the king, emperor bow bow of the approach is wrong. A little courtesy will help the U.S. rebuild their image, rather than wear and tear. The trouble is that the president of the local friends of the competitors not as tolerant attitude. Obama should be easy for China to the visiting guests this week - Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has complained. Eastern European allies, Afghanistan is facing the death of soldiers, they hate just to be known as the Brown luck'd received precious little word of thanks.
And how exactly will Mr Obama's quiet multilateral vision, in which each nation does its bit for the good of all, work in practice? He is right that American power is circumscribed. But the European Union is not fit to help him police the world (see article). China, India and Russia are not willing.
imagine in the silence of Obama multilateral relations, each country should benefit to the whole thing to do their fair share; then the illusion should be in the real environment, how does it work exactly? He bound the United States forces in the design is correct; But the EU is not to help him manage the world's best candidate; China, India and Russia are also unwilling to do so.
wrong. He could lead the way towards a brave deal on the climate. He could press Iran to negotiate over its nuclear programme before his own end-of-year deadline-or secure Russian backing for sanctions. He could agree to cut nuclear arms with Russia. He could bully the Palestinians and Mr Netanyahu to agree to talk. And he could get Mr Karzai and Pakistan to show that they mean to make Afghanistan governable. Even part of that list would set up Mr Obama as a foreign-policy president. But if there is no progress, then Mr Obama will be cast as starry-eyed and weak. He himself recognised the danger of that in one of those golden speeches: In the next week he may prove wrong those who doubt; he first signed on in the climate agreement bold; he can at the end of this period of development before the arrival of their pressure on Iran, forcing its nuclear program negotiations, of course, one way is to ensure that Russia's support for his sanctions; he could reach a reduction of nuclear weapons with Russian agreement; he could stress the Palestinians and Netanyahu agreed to negotiate; he can show Hamid Karzai and Pakistan They let Afghanistan become manageable. The only part of a series of events can be advertised as Obama's foreign policy president; but if no gains, Obama got the role will be blindly optimistic and weak. He himself as a successful first-mentioned speech also recognized that risk, he said: