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The Solution to seize the economic substance of accounting issues

The cost of goods, calculate the sales profits, and in its income statement to reflect the individual, thus making the same goods within the group of two companies of the two sales operations, and the two companies have made in the income statement reflected the individual. But business groups as a whole,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the first store selling only the location of inventory changes occurred, and no real sales, so the whole enterprise group only achieved a sale,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], that company's sales outside the group, so the whole enterprise group in this Cost of sales item of business is sales of enterprise sales of the product cost, sales revenue simply buy the product sales. Therefore, in the preparation of consolidated working papers, should the whole enterprise group in terms of a company inflated revenue and product sales company B product sales offset the cost of the preparation of offsetting entry is as follows (unit: RMB): by : 100000 loan-to-sales revenue: Product cost of sales 100,000,150,000 yuan (Company B product sales revenue) 8 million (a company the cost of goods sold) = 7 million two approaches is clearly the result is the same. 3. Determination of forward foreign exchange speculation profit or loss. Example: El Hoshino trading company in the December 1, 1994, predicted 60-day dollar rise in the future, and the bank signed a 60-day forward exchange contracts, forward rate by buying USDIO00, when used for revaluation in two months sold. The Japanese yen as the bookkeeping base community. Information: December 1 60 days forward rate USDI: J ¥ 110.2,12 day forward rate on 31El30 USDI: J ¥ 110.6,1995 on January 31 the spot exchange rate USDI: J ¥ 109.5 , asked: If the January 31, 1995 thrown out, find the cumulative gain or loss this speculation. General ideas: (1) l2 1 signed forward foreign exchange contract to buy the USD1000 received 60 days of forward foreign exchange forward rate USD1: J ¥ 110.2 recorded, the preparation of accounting entries are as follows: by: Trade paragraph of a dollar exchange contracts USD1000 / J ~ I10200 Credit: Department of the contract shall meet one yen of USD1000 / J ¥ 110200 (2) 12 31, end 30-day forward rate USD1: J ¥ l106 adjustments are recorded the preparation of accounting entries are as follows: by: Accounts section of a dollar exchange contracts. 0 credit: profit and loss on exchange contracts. r material 00 (3) i 31: ① forex contract expires, at the forward rate USD1: J ¥ 110.2 to pay a 36 paragraph, the preparation of accounting entries are as follows: By: forex contract shall meet - at Yuan J ¥ 110200 Credit: bank deposits - ¥ J ¥ 110200 ② the same time, receive the forward exchange rate to buy USD1000, 30-day forward rate of USD1: J ¥ 110.6 adjustments accounted for the preparation of accounting entries are as follows: by: Bank deposit - USD USD1000 / J ~ I10600 credit: Accounts of Health contract payments - U.S. USD1000 / J ¥ 110600 ③ The U.S. dollar was trading company predicted declines in the dollar the day dished out, the preparation of accounting entries are as follows: By: Bank deposits - Japanese Yen J ¥ 109500 forex contracts or loss J ¥ 1100 Credit: bank deposits - U.S. USD1000 / J ~ I10600 Thus, Hoshino trading company in this speculation, the final event of loss: jY1100 a J '~ 400. P4700 the real problem analysis: forward foreign exchange transactions (sale), is the first seller and the buyer signed a contract to provide the amount of foreign exchange trading, exchange rates, delivery time, to the required delivery date, the seller meets the buyer payment. The speculation is based on forward foreign exchange transactions as a commodity exchange, trading foreign exchange from the sale of the difference between long-term profit. Specifically: when the forecast foreign exchange prices, buy foreign exchange,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], such as appreciation and then sell it, profit; when the forecast drop in the price the foreign exchange market, selling foreign exchange, such as the devaluation and then buy, make a profit . The case, Hoshino trading company 60 days in this speculation in forward foreign exchange gains and losses expressed in yen, reflecting the overall payment to the bank for the forward foreign exchange contracts shall J ~ 110200 (USD1000 × 110.2) and in the January 31, 1995 received the money thrown foreign exchange J ~ 1095o0 (USD1000x109.5) the difference,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the difference is the loss. 1 \So that we grasp the essence of the issue,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], skip the tedious step, it is simple to get the answer. The above three examples we can see a variety of ways the same thing, and insight into the economic substance of the issue to play a multiplier effect.