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Use of biomass resources to produce 1,2 - propanediol Progress

2001,219:89-98. CortrightRD, Sanchez-Cast. 1loM, DumesicJA. AppliedCatB: Environ ~ J], 2002, (39) :353-359. LuoG, YanSR, QiaoMH, eta1. JofMolCatA: Chem [J], 2005, (230) :69-77. LuoG, YanSR, QiaoMH,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], eta1. ApplCatA: Gen [J], 2004, (275) :95-102. CameronDC, AltarasNE, HoffmanML, eta1. BiotechnolProg [J-], 1998,14 (1) :116-125. AltarasNE, EtzelMR. CameronDC. BiotechnolProg ~ J], 2001,17 (1) :52-56. AltarasNE,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], CameronDC. BioteehnolProg [J], 2000,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],16 (6) :940-946. IsabelleMS, BenjaminG,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], PhilippeS. WO: 2005073364I-P]. 2005. , Georgia Determination of oil shale of gold and associated factors of oil off the Iraqi recommended. Chang Yu-Ping. Liu Xiaodong (Chengde Petroleum College, Chengde 067000) With the international crude oil supply and demand become more prominent, the development of new energy sources is imperative. Oil shale is an important alternative energy sources, evaluation of oil shale is one of the important process indicators of the oil content of oil shale, the current determination of oil content does not have a clear standard. In this paper, Jianchang Basin oil shale as the research object, drawing coal tar distillation and determination of lattice of gold, gold furnace used to join cells in the oil shale oil shale water content determination. Indirectly calculate the oil content. Of the heating conditions, the sample particle size, pyrolysis products of condensation factors to determine the grid method for the determination of gold oil shale oil was the best condition. 1 Experimental 1.1 Instruments and reagents at low temperature pyrolysis furnace grid GOLD (4 holes), sand bath furnace, heating sets, manifold, conical flask, condenser, etc.; electronic analytical balance, laboratory tests and sample mill sealed , blast oven, xylene (CR) or toluene (CR), acetone (industrial). Liaohe Basin oil Tianjian Chang test used three oil shale samples. 1.2 Determination of oil content of the grid method of payment with reference to dry distillation of coal, gold frame test method (GB/T1341-2001) [1], to a certain amount of rock sample into the pyrolysis tube placed in low-temperature pyrolysis furnace grid of gold to provides heating to the final temperature of heating rate and holding certain period of time, the sample heat generated by the dry distillation gas export pipe into an ice bath in the flask. Conical flask at about 5OmL xylene or toluene, connected to the manifold and the condenser. The flask on the sand bath, electrically heated and control distillation rate, so that drips from the condenser end of the droplets of about 2 to 4 drops / s. When the moisture content of water in the tube does not increase within 10min to stop the distillation, distillation time normally takes 1 ~ 1.5h. Flask to be cool, standing stratified, read the volume of water in water separator number of (read standard to 0.OlmL). Taking the density of water at room temperature 1g/cm. Therefore, the volume of water (mL) distillation is the number of total water (6) mass (g). According to equation (1) to calculate the oil content of oil shale. Oil content () or two × 100 (1) m where: is the quality of the air dried coal sample, g; n for the distillation of condensate mass, g; b for the distillation of the total water mass, g; d for the distillation tube and support tube The quality of tar dip, g. 2 Experimental Determination of factors influence the rate of oil shale oil are many factors [2], this study is the impact of heating conditions (such as heating rate, final pyrolysis temperature, retention time), the impact of oil shale particle size , pyrolysis products of condensation and water separation, and other factors. 2.1 The impact of heating with a heating rate of about 20g of oil shale particle size less than 3mm heating experiment, the heating rate on the yield of shale oil. Final distillation temperature 510. C and maintain 15min, heating rates of 5. C / min, 10. C / min, 15. C / min and 20. C / min, taking three different locations Jianchang basin samples, each sample parallel to do twice. The results in Table 1. Table 1 for determination of heating rate on the impact of oil knife I! J Yang mouth mouth mouth