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The report said there was evidence that ‘plain packaging’ could increase the effectiveness of health warnings for young people and reduce misunderstandings about the relative risks of different brands. While cigarette descriptions such as “light” and “mild” have already been outlawed in the U.K., the government suggested that certain pack colors like white,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], silver and light blues, falsely imply that the brands are less harmful.
The world’s second largest global tobacco group British American Tobacco PLC (BTI) said the government faced a huge fight should it try to introduce the measures. “Packaging is fundamental to consumer choice in a competitive market,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],” it said in a statement. “Brands are valuable corporate assets and the government risks breaching various legal obligations relating to intellectual property rights,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], international trade and European law.”
The DoH said Monday it would give weight to the legal implications of restrictions on packaging for intellectual property rights and freedom of trade. Indeed the idea was considered in Canada in 1994 but dismissed on grounds that it infringed upon intellectual property rights. There are other potential sources of exposure that need to be considered. Potential sources may include daycare centers or child-care arrangements as well as smoke residue from a parent or caregiver who smokes outside.
Other studies have found significantly increased house dust and air nicotine levels in households with a mother who smokes outside, with corresponding increases in children’s urine cotinine level. There also is an increase in air and surface nicotine found in used cars previously owned by smokers. This is an important issue for families who may believe that they are protecting their children by smoking outside.
However,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], because smoking prevalence is much lower than exposure prevalence, this does not explain all of the excess exposure. There are limitations to these data. First, we only were able to examine the association between apartment living and tobacco-smoke exposure; there are other unmeasured potential confounders. Population density and current smoke-free housing legislation are 2 factors that likely play a role; these will need to be examined in future research.
In addition,cheap marlboro gold cigarettes,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the NHANES data set has no information about home smoking bans or outside smoking behavior, so we cannot know how many of these children have parents who smoke outside or if they are exposed at daycare centers or relatives’ homes. We hope that future research will be able to separate out the individual contributions of apartment smoke drift, outside-smoker “off-gassing” and thirdhand smoke, occasional inside smoking by visitors, or exposures outside of the home.