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Poverty Alleviation and Development of Human Resource Development

A population and human resources Second, the poor areas of population and human resources Third, human resources development and economic development Fourth, human resource development in poor areas five, human resources development and poverty alleviation six, poverty alleviation and development should pay attention to human resource development seven, increase the free flow of labor eight, improve labor export industry development nine to strengthen the sustainable development of human resources poor areas rich in human resources, full account of the actual and stages of development in poor areas, focusing on economic restructuring and promote human resource development, restructuring of human resources and the combination of industrial restructuring; the human resources development and poverty-stricken areas of economic develop and promote the combination of the urbanization process; the human resources development and the combination of western development. The human resources development as key to revitalizing the economy in poor areas in the development and implementation of human resource development strategy, take full account of the development of current interests and future relationships, work skills training, labor export and carry out quality education, universal early education, learning social unity, out of a human resources development and promoting poverty alleviation and development of innovation. A population and human resources nearly 1.3 billion people in China, is the world's most populous country. Large population base, economic development, Wen Jiabao said in showing a multiplier effect and the divisor effect. Population is the potential advantages of, but because of the relative excess, and its quality is relatively low, limiting the development potential of the population elements. Population policy has become our most important basic national policy. Long period of population growth, the development of inertia, population pressure will take many decades or even centuries release, while a terrible price to pay to bear the many social, economic, ecological and environmental issues. Quality of the population is an important aspect of population problems. The population and the combination of human resource development, the population pressure into an effective resource for sustainable development is placed in front of the subject of China and the world. Constraints and direct impact on the population sustainable economic development and comprehensive national strength. Population issues are not only issues related to population reproduction itself, but also involves social, economic, cultural, environmental and other issues. Adhere to economic development and population control with both hands, to control population growth and improve the population quality, equitable distribution of population, human resource development, poverty alleviation and development strategies into the overall plan. The heavy population burden into a rich human resources, the impoverished population into a powerful human resources at all levels of government, experts, scholars and relevant concern. Especially in building a moderately prosperous society of today, building a learning society, human resource development in poor areas make a major strategic issues for the realization of strategic objectives of poverty alleviation and development and poverty alleviation is very important significance. Population quality and human resource development are interdependent and mutually inseparable linkage. Human resource development is to improve the quality of human resources, and tap the potential of human resources, the rational allocation and use of human resources. Human resources development process is the process of continuously improving population quality. Human resource development through population pressure can translate into effective power resources, improve the quality of workers and labor productivity, and promote the efficient use of natural resources and ecological environmental problems, thus ensuring sustainable development and comprehensive national strength has been increasing. Second, the poor areas of population and human resources concept behind the poor mountainous areas in fertility, child-rearing costs are lower, the poorer the more students, the more the phenomenon of the poorer students is very prominent, difficult to control the population. In the population structure, the first high population sex ratio; second is the age structure is still light; third decline in first marriage age of women, early marriage and early childbearing women increased. Population and economic development are incompatible, and fully reflected in the per capita economic indicators. First, gross national product per capita, and second, these two indicators per capita income lower than the country, and the growth rate and slow, reflecting the population and economy in poor areas unsuited to more serious conditions, demographic and economic contradictions prominent. Poor population base, growing faster. The poor quality of the poor, the illiteracy rate is higher. For a long time behind the education, the cultural quality of rural poor has been low, the overall average in some places less than primary school level of education, far below the national average. Due to malnutrition and inbreeding, the rural poor physical performance as infectious diseases and a higher incidence of genetic disease. Therefore, the general poor quality of the population is poor, especially the high rate of illiteracy, poverty-stricken areas is the quality of the current status of the population. Poor structure is irrational, centralized distribution and sporadic. Tradition, the concept behind the birth, leading to reproductive behavior and family planning policy contrary. Due to many subjective and objective factors of the combined effects of the unique rural areas gradually formed a long time, and nature of economic growth linked to the concept. For example, in rural areas in order to These are in contradiction with the basic national policy of family planning, can not reduce the population and land, resources and ecological environment of the enormous pressure, not out of poverty. Many people complacent, lazy, weak sense of goods, competition concepts indifferent. The burden of poverty-stricken areas of the population has become surplus labor, and expand labor export, the development of the economy in poor areas important obstacles. Quality of the population, especially in the cultural quality of the population, the existence of the more prominent issues. Low level of cultural quality of the population and the low utilization rate of agricultural science and technology is not conducive to population control, is not conducive to human resource development. Third, human resources development and economic development factors of production labor is one of , human resources, the importance of economic development and its close relationship with economic development. In ancient agricultural society, the sparsely populated, the production technology is simple, as long as each individual has considerable strength to easily learn the production technology in the production, and the low standard of living of farmers, but also easy to satisfy the requirements of life, so In the circumstances, there will be equal to have a human resources person. However, in industrial society, the production technology is by no means easy to learn can get through, that is to industrial society in terms of agricultural production technology, has become increasingly complex and, therefore, in modern society, with not necessarily have a human 人resources. Into the human resources from the non-resource, which is the main function of modern education, which is the important task of modern education. The human resources needed for economic development, is with the different stages of economic development and different in each stage, production technology, productivity and economic structure are not the same. To the required human resources in terms of quantity and quality also varies, generally speaking, the stage of economic development reach the higher production of knowledge and skills required is also higher. So are all of the modern national education and economic development, strive to match. In the process of economic development, human resources often occurs two phenomena: first, gradually falling behind the existing human resources, have been eliminated as non-resource trends; First, a new urgent human resource needs, and often a sense of demand . This phenomenon is reflected in education and economic development has not been able to match, the result will be abandoned in some of the people outside the human resources that some people can not be produced not only the resources, and must continue to consume other resources, become a social burden, hinder the rapid economic development. If education co-ordination with the economic development, forecasting the progress of economic development, prior to the human about to be eliminated given the opportunity to re-education to enable them to fit new needs, new requirements for economic development for the human pre-training, not lack of supply , you can speed up the development of the economy. Fourth, human resource development in poor areas of economic and social development the primary factor is its people. aspects. Development of education is a breakthrough in human resource development. Emphasis on investment in education and educational facilities, especially primary education and technical training, human resource development in poor areas is the development of poor areas around the world to support one of the universal experience. Some of our areas of poverty alleviation, labor export and other forms of effective human resource development is also an effective measure. Training personnel to local conditions in poor areas, poverty-stricken areas is not so much need at this stage Proved, the implementation of the combination of agriculture, science, and actively developing vocational and technical education and adult education, to foster 1986 to 1994, the State Science and Technology Commission earmarked training in poor areas totaled more than 120 million so that the vast majority of scientific and technological assistance to poor farmers control areas one or two practical skills. According to incomplete statistics, poverty alleviation plans and the direct economic benefits of up to 8 billion yuan, 30 billion of indirect economic benefits, so that poor farmers out of poverty was obviously accelerated. To continue to strictly control population growth, efforts to improve the quality of the population, improve the population structure, population, economy, resources, and environmental development of sustainable development. Attention to human resource development, to human resources development and utilization of sustainable development as the inevitable choice. To change concepts, establish a human resources development as the center of development strategies. Reform the traditional personnel management system, actively promote the holistic development of human resources. Through the establishment of expert talent pool, good use of existing personnel, the establishment of the incentive mechanism, nurturing talent at all levels, the introduction of market and intelligence and talent to do work such as the introduction to rational development of human resources, and promote sustainable development in poor areas. Fifth, human resource development and poverty alleviation human resources development is treating the symptoms and root development-oriented poverty alleviation. Poverty is a variety of factors, is more complicated. Brief said that if the living environment, conditions and survival ability, both external conditions, and intrinsic factors. Law of historical development shows that internal factors but also factors in the development of the formula set. If poor weight than to men, than to men than to men's skills are not developed, it is difficult to fundamentally improve efficiency and quality of poverty reduction, poverty reduction has been achieved effects are difficult to maintain and develop. Are the most dynamic factor productivity, a decisive role. Through human resource development, improve the overall quality of the poor, from passive to active poverty relief, from poverty to have the ability to get rid of poverty will not. If so, would greatly enhance the quality and effectiveness of poverty alleviation. A long time, China's economic development is primarily dependent on cheap, low quality of human resources and consume large amounts of natural resources, labor-intensive and high physical capital as the main traditional economic growth. The one hand, this growth in the short term to eliminate poverty and improve people's living level, a certain degree of development, but also because of over-development to the entire ecological environment cause long-term, serious negative effects.  reducing rural poverty, adhere to the development-oriented poverty alleviation, increase rural poverty relief efforts, to take economic, technological, educational and family planning and other means to change and reverse the traditional concept of poverty and production, lifestyle, encourage fewer babies. The lowest income population as poverty alleviation and development of the basic object and the main goal should focus on helping low-income population is relatively concentrated areas of poverty, improve production and living conditions. Increase the technology content of agricultural development, expand marketing, production needs of the market. Universal education, improve health care standards and quality of the population, and enhance self-development. Areas where conditions permit, and gradually establish a social security system and reduce back into poverty rate. Sixth, poverty alleviation and development should focus on human resource development are distributed in poor rural areas with harsh natural conditions, resource-poor, severe ecological damage, land productivity is low in the mountains, the Loess Plateau area, in remote desert areas, high incidence of endemic diseases, and natural disasters prone areas, the spirit of poverty in poor rural areas, the old ideologies and concepts, technology utilization is low, resulting in extensive business, the economy of high input, low output, low economic efficiency, resulting in material poverty, while extensive management has led to the ecological environment destruction, the ecological increased poverty; and material poverty, lack of funds, low income, inability to invest in education and improve the ecological environment, in comparison with other regions, the spirit of poverty and ecological poverty further. This vicious cycle but also tells us that a single anti-poverty measures, even if one side or two temporary relief, the impact will be on the other hand, does not lead to poor efficiency of the economy. So poverty is spiritual, material, collection of ecological are to be improved, three aspects must be comprehensive. Anti-poverty focus only on the past to solve the problem of food and clothing the poor living conditions or substances such as the relative increase in poverty, but poverty if only materialistic, it can easily cause some short-term government, individual local government leaders over-ambitious, quick results, only the pursuit of the number of out of poverty, while ignoring the quality of poverty, the blind launched poverty alleviation projects, extensive management, resulting in poor bubble economy, exacerbating poverty and the ecological damage, damage to the sustainability of economic development. The development of human resources not only to increase economic wealth, but also strengthens the spirit of poverty and ecological poverty, spiritual poverty and poverty than material poverty and ecological longer term, more difficult, more difficult. In the poverty alleviation benefit assessment, the past we have been GDP, the total income or the value of the average income as the main indicator of the income of the poor stratification and the rate of increase, the rural poverty line and above the number of poor people are also important indicators of changes references, these economic indicators are pro-poor economic and social benefits of increased focus on spiritual wealth of society, including the improvement of the social structure, culture and education community development and positive lifestyle changes and so on. To help them survive and develop the ability to help them improve their production conditions, including environmental conditions, production tools, the quality of workers, so as to self-reliance and development. seven, increasing urbanization and the free movement of labor speeding up the urbanization and the pace of reform the household registration system, lower the peasants into the town, the Full of small towns in the transfer, to absorb the agricultural population to address the transfer of surplus labor in place an effective vehicle for the role of employment, to small towns and the development of private economy combine to enter the small town of farmers really live and work. To develop the corporate system of agriculture, changing the traditional farmers for agricultural workers, peasants local transfer and increase their wage income. On the one hand to revitalize the stock, increase the existing system of rural collective enterprises, reform of property rights, adhere to the reform orientation of privatization, and converted into a mixed or privately owned and privately run corporate enterprises, improve the structure, mechanism, management, technology innovation, and further enhance the vigor and vitality of the township enterprises, to absorb rural surplus labor force to expand its employment capacity. On the other hand to introduce incremental, focusing on the rural characteristics of resources, through the introduction of capital, technology and other production factors, the formation of clear property rights, clear rights and responsibilities, separation of enterprise and scientific management system for agribusiness companies, foster a number of new legal entities and market competitors, create jobs for rural surplus labor force in the vast space. Migrant workers and home business to establish two-way flow, and actively provide home business platform for the introduction of a number of water conservancy infrastructure construction projects, comprehensive agricultural development projects, open up a home business people contracting, construction and development. Business services to establish linkage mechanism, so that from simple procedures, fees from low, work and fast service favorably for the home business providing policy advice and operational guidance, to enhance its ability to self-employment and start their own businesses. Provide information on migrant workers, the introduction of foreign capital, in accordance with the investment policy be amply rewarded. Resolutely abolished the flow of migrant workers is not conducive to policy, regulations, banning all kinds of unreasonable charges, labor to ensure rapid economic development of farmers income, reducing the comprehensive management of social security in rural areas the pressure, and promote social stability in rural areas. However, labor mobility in the development process, there are still some errors in urgent need of redress and relief. If some government officials believe that encourage migrant workers is to give up agriculture, and thus a negative attitude, work passive. Some people get rich ideas generated content with the lack of long-term plans. At present, the scarcity of market intermediaries in rural areas, labor mobility blind disorder, and some migrant workers labor rights are not protected. In addition, the farmers go out to the floating mechanism is imperfect, resulting in increased cost of labor export. Mainly manifested in two aspects: one is the right to compensation for land management transfer mechanism is not active, hindered the pace of Migrant Workers; the second is the high threshold into the city, especially in the case of rising urban unemployment, farmers to the cities flows more difficult, the cost of the relevant procedures is also high. VIII improve labor export industry development services to farmers across the regional economy as the main characteristics of migrant workers is a product of China's reform and opening up, following the household contract responsibility system is the development of township enterprises and rural economic development after a bright spot. Labor economy has become the most competitive mountain areas of poverty and development potential of the sunrise industry, is to promote the separation of the division of labor of farmers, increase the cash income of farmers an important way, the employment of rural surplus labor the main channel, is the development of a new rural economic growth . To be highly publicized, the labor economy sizzling, called out the slogan, in particular, to promote development of services industries, cultivate the typical export of labor services and advanced experience, focusing on advanced model of entrepreneurship promotion in their hometowns, high frequency, multi-batches to release labor information, aroused the concern of decision-making in particular, the formation of great importance to labor force, concerns the survival status of migrant workers a thick atmosphere. To sum up and exchange working experiences, in recognition of their hometowns Typical start to spark the economy into a labor Liaoyuanzhishi so rich labor resources, into a huge economic advantage. Strengthen the guidance, and promote a cycle, to achieve a large shift. Increased government regulation, improve the degree of organization of labor economy. The establishment of specialized labor export administration, network management services extend to co-ordinate Consolidate and improve the city and county (city) and township (town) and village work of four labor export system, the formation led by the government, departments of labor to implement the economic industrial chain, the implementation of goals, interests tied up assessment work. Give full play to the role of all levels of government foreign offices, facilities services specifically identify a contact person information gathering, transmission, local service personnel management, rights and other matters, transfer of rural surplus labor force to improve the degree of organization. Establish coverage, feedback spiritual, and scientific management of the labor market, as soon as possible with the national labor market information networking, for the migrant workers to provide high capacity, fast response, directional, multi-level information services, and clear the labor force nationwide transfer channels. To strengthen the labor export market and continue to labor market approval system, clean labor export procedures, and regulate the labor market, the operation of social intermediary organizations act resolutely ban illegal intermediary organizations and the working personnel. Strengthen labor cooperation, the establishment of information networks. With the developed coastal areas, larger demand for labor in labor export areas to establish collaborative relationships, according to the types of qualified transportation needs of working people; regular exchange of service information to form criss-cross, four is to strengthen the labor export service support, improved service model. To adjust service focus, expand the scope of services, export of labor services from a single full range of integrated services to extend the employment of labor, social security personnel to carry out the work of employees, and make sure the output in an organized and secure mobility. Fostering pro-poor labor-type economy, to encourage support for labor export. Absolute poverty, they have become rich in the desire to work outside the home, but unable to pay the basic costs of working. Governments at all levels of capital, training, provide policy support. Channels for migrant workers, the labor sector organizations are mainly output,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], capable of three types of drive and initiative to go out. Labor departments to implement information collection, inspection, release, recruitment, escort, tracking service management train service, the output of high quality, good reputation. Homo habilis Homo habilis driven mainly depends on the local economy through the contract nature, outside recruiting services, the organization of local farmers go out to work out little risk, but the overall income is not high, are engaged in construction and other heavy manual labor, spontaneous work outside the home, they rely on Development Program, established to go develop the productive forces poor farmers to improve self-accumulation and self-development ability of the poor of the road. Required to improve the overall quality of the people, especially the scientific and cultural quality, as the fundamental way to eliminate poverty, increase poverty-stricken areas of labor education and vocational skills training efforts. This is the source of the country from poverty alleviation to sustainable development theory, established the national 10-year poverty reduction strategy and mission objectives. The current development of labor resources, including various types of training and labor services and information technology, fostering a learning society in many areas, and sustainable development of human resources development should include all aspects of education, changes in population quality and structure, distribution a direct impact on human resources development. Only focus on the development of human resources, improvement of population quality, the concept of population change, human resource development to sustain development. Poor areas of the deep-seated economic backwardness is mainly due to the relatively low quality of workers, that is caused by inadequate human resource development. Improve the population quality is to enhance sustainable development in poor areas important foundation, we should from the high degree of sustainable development in poor areas to understand the issue of population and the importance of human resource development. Through science and education by actively promoting the strategy, making the quality of the population in poor areas have obvious improvement. The poor areas of economic, resource and population status of the fertility control, improvement of population quality, human resources development and address the aging population, employment, migration, education and training, comprehensive social security and other issues to consider, formulate and take positive and effective plans and measures to effectively address the problem of population and human resource development, truly abundant human resources to adapt to social development into effective resources. Education in poor areas to improve the quality of labor is the main channel. Must continue to strengthen basic education in poor areas, establish and improve a wide range of basic education school system, various channels to raise educational funds, improving school conditions and basic education teachers in poor areas to improve treatment and promote the improvement of labor quality in poor areas. Vocational and skills training is to improve the employability of an important means of labor. We must vigorously develop the non-compulsory education, secondary vocational education and other educational forms. Strengthen job training and reemployment training and the professional qualification certificate system. Vigorously develop vocational education in poor areas, emphasis on labor in poor areas to carry out vocational and technical training, and gradually form a complete system of vocational training in poor areas, to promote balanced regional development and narrow the regional gap to power. The development of small towns to improve with the transformation of township enterprises combine to promote urbanization in the transfer of surplus labor in poor areas to realize the rational allocation of labor resources in urban and rural areas. Elimination of employment of rural labor into cities and towns of various institutional barriers and increase their employment opportunities, increase their income. At the same time, speed up agricultural and rural economic restructuring, increase employment within agriculture and rural areas. The western development strategy and employment targets closely linked to further expand the scale of food for work, poverty alleviation and employment will organically combine the surplus labor in poor areas create new employment opportunities.

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How Culture Shaped The Corset
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Ancient History of the Corset
The first recorded use of corsets comes from ancient Crete. Cretan woman were usually bare breasted, but wore a waist and hip corset. Corsets were also worn in Greece and Rome.
Modern History of the Corset
The corset has never really gone completely out of fashion. They have consistently remained a very popular item in the fetish community. However [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], its popularity has risen and fallen based on popular culture. The disappearance and reappearance of the corset in twentieth century fashion seem to be linked to the cyclical changing of female shapes [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], especially to the waist being enhanced or concealed.
Corsets in the Age of Jazz
The flat and square dresses of the 1920s became an ideal canvas to display the artistic and sophisticated motifs of the Jazz Age period. In order to achieve the flapper look [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the rigid corset was abandoned for a softer one that flattened the female form.
The Victorian Revival
A Victorian revival, including soft corsets and bodices on evening gowns became popular in the 1930's. This style change was largely driven by popular movies like Gone with the Wind, starring Vivian Leigh, and Little Women.
The Corset as Outerwear
The twentieth century has also seen the rise of the corset as outerwear. This trend too has been driven by popular culture [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], such as the rise of Madonna in the 1980's.
The wearing of corsets underwent another strong revival in 2001. This corresponded to the release of the movie Moulin Rouge, which starred Nicole Kidman. Many of the costumes worn in the movie featured corsets.
Today, traditional corsets may be worn as outerwear. They are perfect for a night on the town or at a club and can be combined with a jacket. In addition, some fashion designers now include corset-like features in their designs.
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